Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2024-04-24
Abstract： “Well-being” is a core research topic in the field of positive psychology, which is also a focal point of great interest in contemporary society. While a general consensus exists on the conceptions of Well-being, cultural norms and values significantly shape individuals’ perceptions and pursuits of well-being. For example, in collectivist cultures, Well-being is closely linked with community relationships and social harmony; while in individualistic cultures, well-being is more frequently associated with personal achievement and autonomy. Understanding these subtle differences between cultures is vital for developing effective strategies to enhance well-being. Future research should consider cultural factors thoroughly and conduct more detailed cross-cultural studies on well-being, aiming to design culturally effective interventions that respect and integrate different cultural perspectives on promoting well-being.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2023-11-16
Abstract： Objective In this study, subjective and objective indicators were used to explore the effects of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing of chronic disease trajectory mode on the sense of control over life, negative emotions and complications of maintenance hemodialysis patients from three dimensions.Methods A total of 200 patients with maintenance hemodialysis who were treated in the dialysis room of our hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 and were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 100 cases in each group. The control group was given clinical psychological nursing, and the experimental group was given multidisciplinary collaborative nursing intervention in the mode of slow disease trajectory. Subjective indicators were used: Personal Mastery Scale (PMS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and objective indicators complications were evaluated before and after the intervention.Results After intervention, PMS scores in 2 groups were higher than before intervention, and the test group was significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After intervention, the HADS score of both groups was decreased compared with that before intervention, and the reduction of experimental group was greater than that of control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). During the 5-month intervention period, the complication rate of the control group was 35.35%, 2.47times that of the experimental group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion The multi-disciplinary collaborative nursing of chronic disease trajectory can improve the sense of control over life of MHD patients, reduce their negative emotions, reduce the occurrence of long-term complications, and contribute to the recovery of the disease and the improvement of life quality.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Linguistics and Applied Linguistics >> Linguistics and Applied Linguistics submitted time 2023-11-01
Abstract： In a typical SL task, participants are first exposed to a nonsensical artificial language for 5~10 mins and then asked to finish a 2 alternative forced choice task (2AFC). Transitional probabilities (TPs), the core concept in SL, represent the predictably between syllables. In a given artificial language, syllables within a target word occur together more frequently, resulting in higher TPs than those of the syllables that span across word boundaries. The latter is referred to as partwords and consist of lower TPs. After the exposure phase, participants enter the test phase and are presented with a partword and target word in each trial of the 2AFC task. If the accuracy across participants is higher than chance level, it is assumed that learning has occurred. However, studies have also shown that factors other than TPs, such as word token frequency, word length variations (or the lack thereof) also impact SL performance in such tasks. To date, these factors as well as their interactive effects remain under studied.
In the experiment one, we aimed to investigate whether TPs affect SL learning performance when controlling for target words’ and partwords’ token frequencies. In doing so, we created the artificial language by randomizing the order of two trisyllabic words and two disyllabic words. During the 2AFC task, three types of items (target word, partword, and nonword) were paired together, with two items in equal length in each trial. There were 24 trials in the test. 40 native Mandarin monolinguals participated in the experiment; they first listened to the artificial language for 5mins and then finished the 2AFC task. In the experiment two, an artificial language was generated with 10 syllables and presented in exposure phase, to examine whether experiment one’s learning effect came from the TP or participants’ prior language bias.
Results in experiment one showed that the accuracy of all trials was significantly higher than chance (0.5) at the group level, suggesting that participants were able to segment the artificial language of mixed word lengths. Participants were also marginally better at choosing target words over partwords, and partwords over nonwords. To investigate the independent effect of TP in SL, we subset the data by word length and found that participants’ accuracy choosing trisyllabic target words over partwords was marginally lower than their choosing disyllabic target words over partword, which suggests that disyllabic words confer advantage in SL for this group of participants. In addition, participants’ accuracy in choosing trisyllabic partwords over nonwords was significantly higher than that of disyllabic target partwords over nonwords. In the experiment two, there were no significant learning effect in any levels when the statistical information was absent.
A series of results across two behavior experiments highlight the unique contribution from TPs alone, since accuracy was assessed by controlling for word token frequency and word length. Thus, the present study suggests that TP exerts effect on verbal SL performance independent of word token frequency. Further studies should take into account more types of statistical rule such as mutual information and backward TP.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：21世纪是快速发展的时代,在这个时代,信息技术与数字媒体使我们的眼界拓宽,为我们带来了全新的媒介体验。面对这样的新形势,传统媒体作为大众触摸世界、了解信息的重要窗口,必须做出相应的调整,而新兴媒体必须汲取传统媒体的优点,推进各类媒体走向融合,正视传统媒体与新兴媒体融合过程中的困境并提出有效途径则是内在要求。本文从融媒体内涵出发,对传统媒体与新兴媒体融合过程中遇到的困境进行了探讨,并提出了相应的解决措施。
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：近年来,伴随着我国科学技术的飞速发展及进步,以大数据技术为典型代表的新兴技术不断涌现,并在信息化技术推动下大数据技术应用范围越来越广。在大数据技术的推动下,几乎每个行业都朝着信息化、数字化方向发展,并对新闻业务产生了极大影响,其中以新闻采写和编辑表现尤其突出。本文就大数据技术在新闻采写和编辑中的应用进行简单探讨。
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Digital twins help to promote the deep integration of physical information in libraries, and realize the "virtual reality mapping, virtual reality control, and coordinated interaction" between their physical entities and digital twin models.[Method/process] Based on the analysis of the current situation of digital twin research, this paper put forward the concept and model of digital twin library, analyzed its theoretical connotation and typical characteristics, and put forward the corresponding technical framework, operation mechanism and countermeasures and suggestions combined with its technical characteristics and application situation, in order to provide reference for the future library construction and development.[Result/conclusion] The digital twin library mainly includes 4 main elements: library physical entity, digital twin model, digital twin service system and library twin big data. It mainly includes real-time full element mapping, the virtual and the real merge, from real to virtual, virtual control of real, twin big data driven, software definition, global intelligent management and intelligent intervention.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Ample statistical learning (SL) studies have shown that individuals can perform word segmentation by tracking the likelihood of syllable co-occurrences in continuous speech. The classic “exposure-test” paradigm was widely used in this field, in which participants were first exposed to an artificial language and then tested in a forced choice task to assess learning effects. Recently, research has shown that participants' linguistic background, including their phonological and lexical experience, may result in experience-dependent SL. After a systematic review, we also discuss the direction for future SL studies. Specifically, we suggest that for studies involving Mandarin native speakers, researchers should carefully examine the separate and combined effects of various linguistic experience in order to better understand statistical word segmentation.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： Statistical Learning (SL) has long been established as a powerful mechanism in language learning and development. Within this framework, transitional probability (TP) of various levels have been shown to confer differing task performance for adults. Recent studies have also highlighted the role of linguistic experience in the process of SL. However, it remains unclear whether different word lengths as well as varying levels of TPs may impact the segmentation of continuous speech. In the low TP condition, the superior outcome of disyllabic contrasts might stem from the Mandarin speakers' prior linguistic experience—their expectation that words should be of two syllables. For the trisyllabic contrasts, lower TPs may provide relatively weakened statistical regularities for tracking word boundaries, which may in turn lead to difficulty extracting words. Importantly, our findings show that when both factors present difficulties (e.g., trisyllabic contrasts in the low TP condition), such that the word length violates the listeners' expectation and the TPs do not provide high levels of consistency, word segmentation can no longer be supported. The current study showed for the first time that when combining TP and word length in the speech material, these two factors impact word segmentation in a complex manner. This study offers new insight for future SL designs as well as potentially informative directions in exploring how individual differences based on linguistic backgrounds may manifest itself in word segmentation tasks. Sixty native Mandarin monolinguals participated in a word segmentation task. An artificial language was designed with the same flat tone paired with 13 syllables, resulting in two disyllabic and three trisyllabic monotonic words. While only the segmental tier offered reliable information to segmentation, information from the suprasegmental level ensured that each word was phonologically legal in Mandarin. The words were then combined into two conditions of a monotonic artificial language: for the hTP language, all TPs within words were 1.0; whereas they were 0.6 in the lTP condition. Two types of nonwords (trisyllabic and disyllabic) were created for the test phase, then paired with target words of equal length in each trial. Adults were first exposed to the monotonic artificial language and then tested in a 2 alternative forced-choice task (2AFC) to decide whether a word or a nonword sounded more familiar. The mixed two-way ANOVA with word length (disyllables vs. trisyllables) as a within-subject factor and TP (high TP vs. low TP) as a between-subjects factor yielded nonsignificant effects for either word length or TP levels. There was also no significant interaction. A series of one-sample t-tests were conducted between the participants' average accuracy and chance level (.5). Participants preferred words over nonwords in most conditions except for trisyllabic contrasts in the low TP condition. Additional planned contrasts among the conditions revealed that when the TPs were low, participants performed significantly better in the disyllabic condition than in the trisyllabic condition; under the trisyllabic condition, high TP yielded better performance than low TP.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2020-12-17
Abstract： " " " "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2020-10-27
Abstract： Ample statistical learning (SL) studies have shown that individuals can perform word segmentation by tracking the likelihood of syllable co-occurrences in continuous speech. The classic “exposure-test” paradigm was widely used in this field, in which participants were first exposed to an artificial language and then tested in a forced choice task to assess learning effects. Recently, research has shown that participants’ linguistic background, including their phonological and lexical experience, may result in experience-dependent SL. After a systematic review, we also discuss the direction for future SL studies. Specifically, we suggest that for studies involving Mandarin native speakers, researchers should carefully examine the separate and combined effects of various linguistic experience in order to better understand statistical word segmentation.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲喂巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类抗奶对犊牛生长和胃肠道发育的影响。选用18头3日龄、体重相近的健康荷斯坦公犊，随机分为2组，对照组犊牛饲喂β-内酰胺类抗奶，试验组犊牛饲喂巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类抗奶。试验抗奶巴氏杀菌的条件为：63～65 ℃加热30 min，犊牛60日龄断奶，试验期为180 d。结果表明：1）与β-内酰胺类抗奶相比，巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类抗奶中总细菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量均极显著降低（P0.05）；与对照组相比，试验组犊牛在60日龄时的十二指肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著提高（P0.05）。由此可见，饲喂巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类抗奶提高了犊牛哺乳期的生长发育，且在一定程度上能够促进犊牛的胃肠道发育，主要体现在促进小肠形态学的发育。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲喂巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类有抗奶对犊牛生长发育和血清免疫指标的影响。选用18头3日龄、体重相近的健康荷斯坦奶公犊牛，随机分为2组，对照组犊牛饲喂β-内酰胺类有抗奶，试验组犊牛饲喂巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类有抗奶，每组9头。巴氏杀菌条件为63～65 ℃加热30 min，犊牛61日龄断奶，试验期为180 d。结果表明：1）与β-内酰胺类有抗奶相比，巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类有抗奶中总细菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量均极显著降低（P＜0.01）；2）与对照组相比，试验组犊牛在3～60日龄期间的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05)；3）与对照组相比，试验组犊牛30日龄血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）含量、15和30日龄血清免疫球蛋白M（IgM）含量均显著升高(P<0.05)，30日龄血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）含量显著降低(P<0.05)，15日龄血清白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）含量显著升高(P<0.05)，7日龄血清白细胞介素6（IL-6）含量显著降低(P<0.05)。结果提示，饲喂经过巴氏杀菌的β-内酰胺类有抗奶提高了哺乳期犊牛的生长发育，且在一定程度上影响犊牛免疫系统，但无法确定有增强或抑制作用
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-07-23 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： As the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis has affected the rocky desertification control, and in order to discuss the reason of aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis, and realize the stabilization of forest stand and sustainable management, this paper took aging degraded plants with typical symbol of yellow blooms and normally grown plants as the research objects and adopted soil agrochemistry and environmental mineralogy methods to analyze mineral element content in root-zone soil of different plants, evaluate integrated soil quality and to reveal the mineral element mechanism of aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. The results shows that (1) C, P, K, S, Se, Sr, Mo and oxide in root-zone soil of normally grown plants were generally higher than the content in aging degraded plants, while total nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus, available nitrogen, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr had no significant difference, and other elements had no obvious change rule. It indicates that mineral elements are one of the causes of the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. Available contents of elements also had an impact on plant growth, which indicates that we should improve availability of nutrients when managing the Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. From the perspective of plant nutrition demand, all major, medium and micro elements had a dominant effect on soil quality. In the management of soil fertility, we should not only focus on a large number of elements. (2) Root-zone soil quality indexes manifested that the highest plant was No. 3 normally grown plant and the lowest plant was No. 1 aging degraded plant, suggesting that soil quality influences the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. But the soil quality is not the only cause of aging degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis, and more comparative studies of soil microbes and plant hormones should be conducted. (3) When managing the Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis in forest stand, cultivate good soil structure, make sure the comprehensiveness and proportionality of soil nutrient, and pay attention to deficit effect caused by low mineral elements, and it is necessary to make sure the appropriate nutrient concentration and ratio to increase the absorption capacity of the plant.
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment