Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
LI Ming
LIU Qin
WANG Yukuan1 CUI Peng
GAO Xing
DI Baofeng
LIU Jinfeng
QI Shengwen
CHEN Rong
TAN Chunping
XU Mengzhen6 SUN Hao
ZHANG Jianqiang
CHEN Jiangang
ZOU Qiang
Abstract： China is a mountainous country, with hills, mountains, and plateaus cover about two-thirds of its total land area. The vast area, huge population, rich natural resources, and great potential of development in mountain areas make them the most important “rear garden” supporting the sustainable development of the whole country. Nevertheless, China’s mountain areas are also prone to various kinds of natural disasters, and thus formed a scenario of high overlap between the high-risk zone of natural disasters and the lagging zone of social and economic development. And such scenario has caused significant waste of various related inputs, and becoming a key obstacle to the goal of modernization for mountain areas in sync with other regions by 2035. Based on a systematic analysis of main challenges faced by disaster risk reduction and green development in mountain areas, the study innovates the “Disaster –Environment–Human” green synergy theory based on the human and environment harmonization theory. After that, a novel synergy mode of disaster risk reduction and green development is proposed, and its synergy mechanisms, main synergy paths, and various synergy technologies are analyzed. The synergy theory and mode were applied in a demonstration zone named Reshui River basin located in Xide County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, the first demonstration zone of the synergy mode of disaster risk reduction and green development in China. Finally, the feasibility and the specific paths of promoting the synergism mode are analyzed in mountain areas nationwide. This study can not only guide the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements, promote the practice of rural revitalization strategy, but also help to improve the capability of comprehensive governance and promote the modernization progress in mountain areas of China.
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Nuclear Science and Technology submitted time 2024-01-22
Ma Jun
Li Ming
Zhang Pengqi
Bai Xiaohou
Wu Kang
Yu Xiaoxue
Han Yaning
Zhang Shiyu
Yao Zeen
Zhang Yu
Wang Junrun
Wei Zheng
Abstract： With the rapid development of fourth-generation nuclear reactors and new nuclear energy utilization systems, as well as advancements in research areas such as superheavy nucleus fusion mechanisms and fast neutron capture reactions in astrophysical nuclear physics, neutron-induced heavy nucleus fission studies and fission data measurements have become a significant topic of international nuclear physics research. In this study, we present the physical design of a neutron-induced fission spectrometer using the velocity-kinetic energy method(v-E). The MCP secondary electron time detector was designed with the spread of secondary electron flight time controlled at 50ps, and the TOF flight distance was designated for 70cm. For the energy detection, we selected the grid ionization chamber with isobutane as the working gas. The optimal approximation field strength was 6V/(cm·torr), and the atmospheric pressure was 37.5Torr. The energy response of the fission fragments in chamber was calculated by coupling programs such as COMSOL, Geant4, and Garfield++, and the energy resolution is from 0.36% to 0.55%. In a comprehensive analysis, the neutron-induced fission spectrometer based on the velocity-kinetic energy method designed in this work has an energy resolution of less than 0.8% for light fission fragments, less than 0.6% for heavy fission fragments, and the mass resolution of neutron-induced fission of heavy nuclei is less than 1amu. Additionally, based on the physical structure of the fission spectrometer, the mass distribution and charge distribution data of 238U fission yield induced by 14MeV neutron are simulated in this work, which is basically in agreement with the ENDF-VII, preparing the conditions for experimental measurements of neutron-induced fission physics of typical actinide heavy nuclei.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] COVID-19 is the most rapid public health event since the founding of new China. It is the most important field of public health emergency. The microblog is an important field of public opinion dissemination of new crown pneumonia epidemic. The targeted study of microblog public opinion on public health emergencies is conducive to effective response to public health emergencies.[Method/process] Based on the social network analysis method, the network structure characteristics of public opinion transmission in corona virus disease were explored.[Result/conclusion] The microblog public opinion of the Corona virus disease reflects the network characteristics of huge amount, numerous nodes and complex relations. Different types of microblog users have different role to communicate on the network, state-run microblog, commercial media microblog, self-media microblog in the emergency public opinion network occupies different distribution positions, with different levels of communication capacity. In the process of responding to and guiding public opinions on public emergencies, extensive cooperation among various media should be promoted.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Aiming at the avoidance problem in the selection of peer review experts for scientific research projects, this paper tries to put forward a set of feasible model methods to determine the avoidance experts, so as to avoid the interference of interpersonal relationship on the evaluation work and ensure the standardization and fairness of scientific research evaluation.[Method/process] Firstly, the paper cooperation relationship between experts and applicants was taken as the entry point, and the cooperation intensity, the depth of co-authors, the direction matching degree and the review performance were taken as the main indicators. Then, the comprehensive weight and modified TOPSIS were used to analyze each index, and the quantitative model of expert avoidance for scientific research projects was constructed. Finally, according to the specified number of members of the expert group, considering the distribution of age, institution, gender, etc., the experts that should be avoided were identified.[Result/conclusion] Through case analysis, it is found that this model effectively avoids the problem of "only cooperation theory" when giving the list of experts to avoid, and has sufficient reasons to avoid, which meets the requirements of expert selection of the Ministry of Science and Technology Management and can provide certain decision support for expert selection.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] In view of the challenges faced by intelligence analysis in the era of big data, this paper proposes to introduce component theory into the field of intelligence analysis to build intelligence analysis model, in order to provide new theoretical basis and methodological guidance for intelligence analysis research and practice. [Method/Process] First of all, based on the current research state of the intelligence analysis model and the characteristics of component technology, this paper explained the basic idea of the component-based intelligence analysis model, then proposed the intelligence component, explained its connotation and the principle of atomization, and clarified its development framework and the application process. Finally, the application value was prospected from four aspects of automation, standardization, intelligence and open source. And the advantages and challenges of the component-based intelligence analysis model were summarized. [Result/Conclusion] Component-based intelligence analysis model can provide reference value for the improvement of intelligence analysis, and has great application and development space in the future.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《腐蚀科学与防护技术》
Abstract： none
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： “Sense of agency” refers to the sense of controlling one’s actions and the course of events in the outside world. It is based on the match between the expected action and the real sensory feedback. The first part of this article introduces a method for implicit measurement of sense of agency. The second part deals with the factors that influence the sense of agency from the aspects of intentionality and sensory feedback. Part three provides the conclusion. With an emphasis on the functions of the prefrontal and parietal lobes, this article provides evidence to explain the mechanism of sense of agency through the theoretical model and cognitive neuroscience.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Cultivation of cereal crops including rice, started in China over 8000 years ago, and Chinese knowledge of crop breeding has great impact on cereal production of the whole world. As of the early 1990s, scientists from Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), representing China as one of the sponsor countries, joined the International Rice Genome Project and were in charge of sequencing Chromosome 4 of “geng” rice and the whole genome of “xian” rice 93-11, which marked the beginning of the serial efforts from Chinese plant science community to develop rice into a model crop/plant to study genomic and molecular basis underlying complex traits. As a grand effort to translate and assemble the knowledge and know-hows gained from the basic research into crop breeding, CAS launched a national programme called the Innovation System of Designer Breeding by Molecular Modules five years ago. The programme used rice as a model crop to dissect molecular modules controlling complex traits including yield, yield stability, grain quality, and crop nutrient use efficiency, study the coupling and interactions of the molecular modules, and develop molecular module-based designer breeding systems. The programme also aimed to set rice as a reference to promote the study of complex traits and designer breeding of other related crops and animals such as wheat, soybean, and fish. Through collaborative researches and coherent team work, the programme has built up shared national rice germplasm libraries and genomic databases, dissected a series of molecular modules applicable in designer breeding, and established theoretic framework for simultaneous improvement of both yield and quality traits, cold perception and resistance, balance between broad spectrum durable disease resistance and yield, nitrogen use efficiency, as well as heterosis of yield traits. Such achievements further experimentally validated the concept of Designer Breeding by Molecular Modules. The importance of these achievements were highlighted by the winning of the top ten advances of Chinese Life Sciences in 2015 and 2017, the top ten advances of Chinese Sciences in 2016, and the First Prize of National Natural Science Award in 2017, respectively.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Soybean is one of the most economically important leguminous seed crops that provide the majority of plant proteins, and more than a quarter of the world’s food and animal feed. At present, the soybean breeding technology in China mainly relys on conventional breeding, and the levels of both fundamental study and production lag behind those of the United States. Supported by “Innovative System of Designer Breeding by Molecular Modules”, one of the strategic priority research programs of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese soybean scientists have dissected several important molecular modules controlling yield and seed quality, revealed the coupling mechanisms of diverse molecular modules, bred a series of designer soybean varieties for field tests or regional trials, which together to establish the first-generation molecular module-based designer breeding systems in soybean. In the future, we should continue to strengthen germplasm resources evaluation and exploitation system, promote autonomy public database building, improve the data sharing mechanism, vigorously develop breakthrough technologies for high and stable yield soybean and for soybean replacement feed crops, speed up the molecular design breeding and artificial intelligence breeding systems, cultivate breakthrough soybean varieties, develop green and efficient cultivation techniques. With these studies, it is expected to enhance the soybeans production capacity and relieve soybean demand gap in China.
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2020-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： 利用陕西省1961—2018年的逐日最高气温资料，分析陕西省高温时空分布及气候变化特征；为加强高温事件快速评估，提出了单站高温过程综合强度指标算法，确定了单站高温过程综合强度等级划分阈值。结果表明：① 陕西省高温频次、强度呈南多北少、东多西少的分布特征，且关中中东部平原地区和陕南东部安康盆地是高温事件关键区域；高温天气出现时间跨度为4月上旬至10月中旬，6—8月高温最多，占全年的91.6%，其中7月下旬是全省高温频次最多的时段。② 近半个多世纪以来，高温呈明显频次增多、强度增强的特征；高温有出现时间趋早和结束时间趋晚的变化特征。③ 提出的单站高温天气过程综合强度指标计算方法，能够体现不同高温过程的差异和共性，能对高温过程综合强度进行合理排位，进而确定出高温过程强度等级划分阈值，通过检验和业务试用评估，其结果可信。
Subjects: Computer Science >> Natural Language Understanding and Machine Translation submitted time 2018-09-27
Abstract：加权极限学习机对不同类别的样本赋予不同的权值，在一定程度上提高了分类准确 率,但加权极限学习机只考虑了不同类别样本之间差异，忽视了样本噪声和同类样本之间的 差异。本文提出了一种基于文本类别信息熵的极限学习机集成方法，该方法以Adaboost.M1 为算法框架，通过文本的类内分布熵和类间分布熵生成文本类别信息熵，由文本类别信息熵 构造代价敏感矩阵，把代价敏感极限学习机集成到Adaboost.M1 框架中。实验结果表明，该 方法与其他类型的极限学习机相比较有更好的准确性和泛化性。
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2018-06-15 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To establish a method for gene delivery in murine renal tissue using lentivirus vector encoding miR-483-5p. Methods Thirty-five C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group, low-dose treatment group (5 μL each kidney) , and high-dose treatment group (20 μL each kidney), and in the latter two groups, the lentivirus vector encoding miR-483-5p were injected in the renal cortex. The tissue samples were collected at 7 and 21 days after the injection. A transgenic mouse model with inducible systemic overexpression of miR-483-5p was established in TG483 mice. The Cre-loxp system was used to create a mouse model with renal tubule-specific expression of miR-483-5p. The levels of BUN in the mice were detected and HE staining and fluorometric TUNEL assay were used to observe the morphological changes of the kidneys; real-time qPCR was used to detect miR-483-5p expression in the renal cortex. Results The mice with overexpression of miR-483-5p had normal renal function without obvious pathological changes or apoptosis in the renal tissue. Renal cortex injection of 20 μL lentivirus resulted in obviously increased level of miR-483-5p at 21 days (1.2 ± 0.43 vs 8.6 ± 1.09, P<0.001). miR-483-5p showed a low expression (0.9±0.09 vs 1.7±0.19, P<0.05) in TG483 mice and a high expression in the kidney of the transgenic mice established using the Cre-loxp system (1.6±1.13 vs 12.36±3.89, P<0.05). Conclusion The transgenic mice with renal tubule-specific expression of miR-483-5p show normal renal function, and this model facilitates further study of the role of miR-483-5p in the kidney.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维（NFC/NDF）对断奶肉公犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标和营养物质消化代谢的影响。选取2~3月龄健康、平均体重为（94.38±0.25） kg的断奶肉公犊牛60头，随机分为4组，每组15头。分别饲喂粗蛋白质水平相近，NFC/NDF分别为1.35（A组）、1.23（B组）、0.94（C组）和0.80（D组）的4种全混合日粮。试验期105 d，其中预试期15 d，正试期90 d。每日测定采食量，每隔15 d测量犊牛的体重；于15、30、45、60、75和90 d颈静脉采血测定血清葡萄糖（GLU）、生长激素（GH）、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）、瘦素（LEP）、胰岛素（INS）、胰高血糖素（PG）和甘油三酯（TG）的浓度；分别在3 0和90 d时以全收粪尿法进行消化代谢试验。结果表明：1）高NFC/NDF饲粮提高了犊牛的平均日增重，A组显著高于其他3组（P＜0.05）；2）A组血清LEP浓度显著高于C组和D组（P＜0.05），D组血清IGF-Ⅰ浓度显著高于其他各组（P＜0.05）；3）90 d时，干物质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率及总能消化率、总能代谢率和消化能代谢率随饲粮NFC/NDF的降低而降低，A组均显著高于D组（P＜0.05），D组甲烷能显著高于其他组（P＜0.05），A组尿能、尿氮和消化氮显著高于B组和C组（P＜0.05）。综上所述，NFC/NDF为1.35的饲粮可以满足3~6月龄肉犊牛对营养物质的需求，采食该饲粮不但可以使肉犊牛保持较高的平均日增重(1.14 kg/d)，而且此饲粮易消化利用，采食后相关血清生化指标均在正常范围内，并未影响犊牛健康。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：杜仲叶是优质的粗饲料兼具药物活性物质，本试验旨在研究杜仲叶对绵羊营养物质消化利用、生长性能及屠宰性能的影响。选择30只体质健康、年龄和体重相近的绵羊（湖羊），随机分为3组，每组10只羊，分别为对照组（饲喂无杜仲叶的基础饲粮，CTL组）、低水平杜仲叶组（饲粮中含10%的杜仲叶，EUL1组）和高水平杜仲叶组（饲粮中含20%的杜仲叶，EUL2组），进行饲养试验和消化代谢试验。结果表明，饲粮中添加不同水平的杜仲叶对绵羊的末重、增重、采食量、日增重有显著影响（P0.05），对屠宰率和胴体净肉率有显著影响（P0.05）。由此可见，杜仲叶对绵羊营养物质消化率、利用率及生长性能和屠宰性能等有明显的影响，影响程度与杜仲叶的用量有关。
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