Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-12-08
Abstract： Smart service is the transformation and upgrading of university library services, and it is an inevitable choice for the sustainable development of university libraries. This report focuses on university libraries as the main research object. Starting from our library's reader behavior data (including borrowing data, spatial utilization data, access control data, WeChat platform data, etc.), we analyze the current situation of library smart services in several aspects such as borrowing services and resource construction, personalized services, and spatial services. We delve into the existing problems and attempt to explore the methods, content, and forms of library smart services, Provide relevant suggestions for creating a good service environment for smart libraries.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Depending on how closely it connects with environmental health, behavioral response as a result of air pollution can be classified into two types: direct behavior and social behavior (or spillover behavior). In this regard, this paper reviewed previous literature on how air pollution influences these two types of behaviors. Further, we summarized several mechanisms underlying these two behaviors. Specifically, the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Health Action Process Approach were proposed to model direct behavior; anxiety and ego depletion were proposed to predict social behavior. More comprehensive investigations into the behavioral mechanisms will benefit future designing of more effective measures against air pollution. Future researchers may consider adopting a longitudinal paradigm and conduct in-depth analyses of behavioral mechanisms, in order to improve individuals’ behaviors in response to risks.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： In recent years, the nudging method of default options has been increasingly used to improve public behavior and increase the public approval of social policies. Default option setting is a tool of choice architecture. It involves setting a pre-selected option that takes advantage of people’s inertia, subtly increasing the likelihood that decision-makers choose this default option. Defaults are commonly framed in the opt-in system (without any default) and opt-out system (target option as a default). The frequencies at which the target option is of the target option is chosen are considerably higher in the latter, which is known as the default effect. Although a great number of studies have shown the default effect in various scenarios, the effectiveness of default nudge has been questioned by scholars and the public nowadays. For example, there are a series of studies that show that default option settings are ineffective or even counterproductive in promoting public behavior. Given the dispute on the effectiveness of the default nudge method, the current study aims to systematically examine how effective defaults are and whether their effectiveness varies across culture (Eastern culture vs. Western culture), domains (money-related domain, health-related domain, and environment-related domain), behavioral motives (benefits self vs. benefits others; whether there is real financial consequence of choice), and experiment characteristics (type of dependent variables, time of publication, sample size, and type of experiment). We conducted a literature search and meta-analysis of 56 articles, covering 92 default studies (pooled n = 112, 212, range = 16 ~ 19992) that fitted our inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that opt-out defaults lead to more pre-selected decisions than opt-in defaults do (d = 0.59, t = 10.12, 95% CI = [0.47, 0.71], p < 0.001), indicating that default nudging has a considerable effect. Further analysis showed two factors that could partially explain when the defaults’ effectiveness varies. First, moderating analysis showed that cultural background moderated the effect of default nudging: the effect of opt-out system under Western culture performed better than that under Eastern culture (b = 0.44, 95% CI = [0.05, 0.84], p = 0.027). Second, the moderating analysis also revealed the moderating effect of consumer choice and health choice. The nudging effectiveness of the default option settings was relatively better in the field of consumer choice (b = 0.43, 95% CI = [0.15, 0.70], p = 0.002), also somewhat effective in the field of pro-environmental choice (b = -0.32, 95% CI = [-0.66, 0.02], p = 0.067), and weakest in the field of health domain (b = -0.32, 95% CI = [-0.42, 0.10], p = 0.233). Lately, the default effect was not influenced by motivational factors or experiment characteristics. In conclusion, the current work-integrated findings in previous default-related studies and answered the questions regarding how effective the defaults are and when their effectiveness varies. The present meta-analysis covered 21 more studies than previous analyses and 5 more studies based on the Asian samples. In the 92 studies included in this meta-analysis, most showed a positive effect of default nudge on people’s behavioral change, and only a few studies found no significant or negative effects. The total default effect in our analysis was slightly lower than the results reported by Jachimowicz et al. (2018), but it still showed a medium-sized effect, indicating that the default nudge is indeed effective in promoting behavioral changes. Our finding provides a new conclusion for the studies of the effectiveness of the default effect, and reveals the moderating effect of cultural background for the first time, which may help us to better understand whether the defaults are effective and when to use the defaults.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：研究了230 ℃, 5×103 A/cm2条件下液-固电迁移对Ni/Sn-9Zn/Ni 线性焊点界面反应的影响. 在液-固电迁移过程中,Ni/Sn-9Zn/Ni 焊点表现出明显的反极性效应, 即阴极界面金属间化合物(IMC)持续生长变厚, 并且一直厚于阳极界面IMC.由于排除背应力的影响, Sn-9Zn 液态钎料中Zn 原子的反常迁移行为归因于其有效电荷数在高温下为正值, 即在电子风力作用下Zn原子向阴极界面定向迁移, 从而导致焊点在液-固电迁移过程中发生反极性效应. 回流焊后, Ni/Sn-9Zn/Ni 焊点两侧界面上均生成了较薄的Ni5Zn21层. 液-固界面反应过程中(无电流)焊点两侧界面IMC均随时间延长而生长变厚, 从而消耗钎料中的Zn原子并使界面处的相平衡发生变化, 导致界面IMC由Ni5Zn21转变为[Ni5Zn21+(Ni, Zn)3Sn4]. 与之相较, 液-固电迁移过程中阴阳两极界面IMC的类型一直为Ni5Zn21, 并未发生IMC类型的转变. 这是由于, 在电子风力作用下, 阴极界面附近钎料中Zn原子的含量充足, Zn与Ni 反应生成Ni5Zn21型IMC; 同时, 电子风力也阻碍了Zn原子向阳极界面的扩散, 从而抑制了阳极界面IMC的生长, 导致界面IMC较薄, 因此阳极界面也未发生IMC类型的转变. 此外, 运用反证法进一步验证了Zn的有效电荷数在高温下是正值.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-07-11 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract：门诊医疗服务是医保支付方式改革的重要组成部分，随着我国住院医疗服务医保支付方式改革的全面推进，门诊以按人头付费、APG点数法等多元支付方式的改革将逐步提上日程。以慢性病为主探索按人头付费，顺应了从以疾病治疗为中心向以健康管理为中心转变的健康观。本研究基于国内外不同国家和地区按人头付费的实践，以北京市C区和H区为例，通过医疗、医保等基本医疗数据和基本公共卫生服务经费的分析,测算基层门诊主要慢性病按人头付费的标准，为推进门诊慢性病按人头付费改革提供参考。
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2021-11-22
Abstract： Default–based nudge has been increasingly used in recent years to improve the public approval of social policies. However, its effectiveness has also been questioned by the public and some scholars. A meta-analysis was conducted to explore the effect of default options and the related variables that may affect its effectiveness. A total of 56 empirical research and 92 studies were included through literature retrieval. Results of the meta-analysis are as follows: (1) A considerable effect of default options was observed, (2) The moderating analysis of cultural background revealed that the nudging effect of default options under Western culture was better than that under Eastern culture, and (3) Lastly, the moderating analysis showed a significant difference of default effect between different domains and that the nudging effect of default options was greater in the money–related domain than in the health and environmental domains.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2021-09-24
Abstract： [Objective] Measuring people’s attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination is relatively distinctive from an attitude over a general conflict. [Methods] An online survey of 3123 respondents from China’s 30 provinces and municipalities (except Tibet Autonomous Region) was conducted from January 22 to 27, 2021 to measure their willingness to be vaccinated. [Results] Over half of the respondents chose the options ‘not to be vaccinated now’ and ‘wait and see before making a vaccination decision’, thereby indicating that people’s willingness to be vaccinated is not as optimistic as anticipated in the early stage of vaccination in China. [Conclusions] Researchers should carefully choose survey methods to investigate people's real willingness to vaccination. It is suggested that relevant departments should fully anticipate and prepare for people's "vaccination hesitation" " "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-08-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：为了筛选营建云南松抗虫混交林的树种，该研究观察了云南切梢小蠹非寄主植物川滇桤木、缅桂、滇朴、樟树、麻栎和山茶六种阔叶树种叶片不同浓度的水浸提液对云南松种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感作用。结果表明：川滇桤木、滇朴、麻栎和山茶四种阔叶树种叶片的浸提液对云南松种子萌发和幼苗生长表现出低浓度促进，高浓度抑制效应。在测试浓度范围内，樟树和缅桂叶片浸提液对云南松种子萌发和幼苗生长存在抑制作用。综上所述,六种阔叶树种对云南松的化感作用敏感性不同，低浓度范围内的川滇桤木、滇朴、麻栎和山茶树叶片水浸提液对云南松生长表现出促进作用，樟树和缅桂叶片水浸提液对云南松生长具有抑制作用。因此，结合营林技术，可选用川滇桤木、滇朴、麻栎等阔叶树种与云南松混交，营建云南松抗虫混交林。
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2020-05-07
Abstract： Depending on how closely it connects with environmental health，behavioral response as a result of air pollution can be classified into two types: direct behavior and social behavior (or spillover behavior). In this regard, this paper reviewed previous literature on how air pollution influences these two types of behaviors. Further, we summarized several mechanisms underlying these two behaviors. Specifically, the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Health Action Process Approach were proposed to model direct behavior; anxiety and ego depletion were proposed to predict social behavior. More comprehensive investigations into the behavioral mechanisms will benefit future designing of more effective measures against air pollution. Future researchers may consider adopting a longitudinal paradigm and conduct in-depth analyses of behavioral mechanisms, in order to improve individuals’ behaviors in response to risks." "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2019-01-22
Abstract： With the development of the Internet, more and more attention has been paid to online verbal aggressive and prosocial behavior, both of which are essentially the expression of individual emotions and are closely related to the changes of individual emotions. In this paper, we crawled the data from Microblog the most popular social software in China, obtaining the word frequency data of aggressive and prosocial behavior, and analyzed the time trend with seasonal differences of these two behaviors. The results show that the time trends of aggressive and prosocial behavior are highly consistent in a year. The frequency of aggressive words in Microblog is significantly different in different seasons (F=2.935, P= 037), in which the frequency of words in winter is significantly higher than that in autumn; the frequency of prosocial words is also significantly different in different seasons (F=14.51, P<0.05), in which the frequency of words in winter is significantly higher than that in other seasons. "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Civil Engineering and Building Construction >> Civil Construction Engineering submitted time 2017-12-21 Cooperative journals: 《土木建筑工程信息技术》
Abstract： BIM is a new technology that leads the construction industry after CAD，and its emergence has revolutionized the construction industry. At present，an upsurge of domestic companies in China are learning and exploring how to apply BIM technology in construction. This paper begins with analyzing the characteristics and difficulties of project of Chanba Development Building Construction，and then studies how to apply BIM technology in the engineering construction and management，and explores the implementation basis and route of BIM technology in the construction. Specific application points in construction are also given，including the BIM-based construction site layout，process simulation and construction deployment，fine construction management，and etc. Additionally， analysis is conducted on the innovations in the lifecycle project construction and management applying BIM technology. It has proved that application of BIM technology in engineering construction and project management can solidify the management process，minimize the human-resulted differentiations in the construction management，realize cost reducing and efficiency increasing，and ensure the quality of a superior project. Finally，it will achieve the aim of homogenization and refinement for project management，and promote the transformation of enterprises to the road of technological development.
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